For a fully discrete whole life insurance policy of 2000 on (45), you are given:

(i) The gross premium is calculated using the equivalence principle

(ii) Expenses, payable at the beginning of the year, are:

	% of Premium	Per 1000	Per Policy
First year	25%	1.5	30
Renewal years	5%	0.5	10

(iii) Mortality follows the Standard Ultimate Life Table

(iv) [math]i=0.05[/math]

Calculate the expense policy value at the end of policy year 10 .

• -2
• -8
• -12
• -21
• -25

Copyright 2024. The Society of Actuaries, Schaumburg, Illinois. Reproduced with permission.

Answer: E

Gross premium [math]=G[/math]

[math]G \ddot{a}_{45}=2000 A_{45}+\underbrace{\left(1\left(\frac{2000}{1000}\right)+20\right)}_{22}+\underbrace{\left(0.5\left(\frac{2000}{1000}\right)+10\right)}_{11} \ddot{a}_{45}+0.20 G+0.05 G \ddot{a}_{45}[/math]

[math]\left(0.95 \ddot{a}_{45}-0.20\right) G=2000 A_{45}+22+11 \ddot{a}_{45}[/math]

[math]G=\frac{2000 A_{45}+22+11 \ddot{a}_{45}}{0.95 \ddot{a}_{45}-0.20}=\frac{2000(0.15161)+22+11(17.8162)}{0.95(17.8162)-0.20}=31.16[/math]

There are two ways to proceed. The first is to calculate the gross premium policy value (with equivalence principle gross premium and original assumptions, both of which do apply here) and the net premium policy value and take the difference.

The net premium is [math]\frac{2000 A_{45}}{\ddot{a}_{45}}=\frac{2000(0.15161)}{17.8162}=17.02[/math]

The net premium policy value is [math]2000 A_{55}-17.02 \ddot{a}_{55}=2000(0.23524)-17.02(16.0599)=197.14[/math]

The gross premium policy value is

[[math]] \begin{aligned} & 2000 A_{55}+[0.05(31.16)+0.5(2000 / 1000)+10] \ddot{a}_{55}-31.16 \ddot{a}_{55} \\ & =2000(0.23524)+(12.56-31.16)(16.0599)=171.77 \end{aligned} [[/math]]

Expense policy value is [math]171.77-197.14=-25[/math]

The second is to calculate the expense policy value directly based on the pattern of expenses. The first step is to determine the expense premium.

The present value of expenses is

[math][0.05 G+0.5(2000 / 1000)+10] \ddot{a}_{45}+0.20 G+1.0(2000 / 1000)+20[/math]

[math]=12.558(17.8162)+28.232=251.97[/math]

The expense premium is [math]251.97 / 17.8162=14.14[/math]

The expense policy value is the expected present value of future expenses less future expense premiums, that is,

[math][0.05 G+0.5(2000 / 1000)+10] \ddot{a}_{55}-14.14 \ddot{a}_{55}=-1.582(16.0599)=-25[/math]

There is a shortcut with the second approach based on recognizing that expenses that are level throughout create no expense policy value (the level expense premium equals the actual expenses). Therefore, the expense policy value in this case is created entirely from the extra first year expenses. They occur only at issue, so the expected present value is [math]0.20(31.16)+1.0(2000 / 1000)+20=28.232[/math]. The expense premium for those expenses is then [math]28.232 / 17.8162=1.585[/math] and the expense policy value is the present value of future non-level expenses [math](0)[/math] less the present value of those future expense premiums, which is [math]1.585(16.0599)=[/math] 25 for a reserve of -25 .

Copyright 2024. The Society of Actuaries, Schaumburg, Illinois. Reproduced with permission.